Nonverbal LD
Frequent questions
Expert answers
1) What is a nonverbal learning disability?
A nonverbal learning disability is a condition in which an individual does not accurately process information that is not verbal or linguistic (such as visual-spatial information, facial expressions, or social cues). The following articles describe characteristics of nonverbal learning disabilities as well as suggestions for interventions:
- Students with Nonverbal Learning Disabilities
- Nonverbal Learning Disorders
- Neurobehavioral Characteristics Seen in the Classroom: Developing an Educational Plan for the Student with NLD
2) Where can I find information about sensory integration dysfunction?
LD OnLine has the following articles on nonverbal learning disabilities:
For more information on sensory integration dysfunction (SID), check out the following book: The Out-of-Sync Child: Recognizing and Coping with Sensory Integration Dysfunction by Carol Stock Kranowitz.
3) How can we help our autistic child plan for success in high school?
Autism is a spectrum disorder that can look very different in different students. Any suggestions will need to be adapted or modified to meet your particular child's needs.
First, here is a collection of articles on nonverbal learning disabilities.
You may also want to contact the following organizations, which offer information and support:
- Developmental Delay Resources (DDR)
DDR is a national non-profit membership organization providing information and networking opportunities to parents and professionals working with children who have developmental delays.
- National Dissemination Center for Children with Disabilities (NICHCY): Autism Resources
NICHCY is an information clearinghouse that provides free information on disabilities and related issues, focusing on children and youth (birth to age 25). Free services include: personal responses, referrals, technical assistance, and information searches.
- University of Virginia Special Education Website: Autism section
This site provides information on special education and support for disabled students, their parents, family, and friends.
- Muskingum College Center for Advancement of Learning (CAL): Study Skills Database
This database includes excellent information on learning strategies for reading comprehension, writing, organization skills, and other topics.
4) Could anxiety and panic attacks cause a false diagnosis of a nonverbal learning disability?
The characteristics of nonverbal learning disabilities make it very common for children with NLD to experience anxiety. Their difficulty understanding other people and anticipating events can lead to a feeling of chaos and uncertainty. They are inclined toward developing secondary internalizing disorders such as stress, anxiety and panic, and phobias. Many teachers do not appreciate the daily level of stress these children experience. Adapting to new situations or changes in routine can be debilitating for children with NLD.
However, other characteristics identify NLD besides anxiety. This article outlines general tendencies of these children. Those who suffer anxiety and panic attacks do not necessarily have a nonverbal learning disability. Their anxiety may be due to any number of other factors, including a past traumatic experience, depression, or general stress.
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